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had too many inherent limitations for assessment of the criteria proposed for DSM-5, particularly in regard to sensitivity and specificity (i.e., ability to correctively identify those without the disease or disorder). The work group members considered that the archived data used in the analyses by McPartland et al. ( 2), when the first draft of the DSM-5 criteria for ASD were applied to a data set of 657 participants in a DSM-IV field trial evaluating clinical diagnoses of PDDs, 60.6% of those with a clinical diagnosis of a PDD would meet the DSM-5 criteria for ASD, indicating that 39.4% would not.Ī commentary by the DSM-5 Neurodevelopmental Disorders Work Group ( 3) addressed serious methodological flaws in the study by McPartland and colleagues. ( 1), which compared the sensitivity (i.e., ability to correctively identify those with the disease or disorder) of DSM-IV-TR and the first draft of the DSM-5 criteria for ASD, 12 (46%) of the 26 subjects with DSM-IV-TR PDDs (and full-scale IQs above 50) were identified as having ASD according to the DSM-5 criteria. In the epidemiological study of Finnish children by Mattila et al. This concern arose subsequent to some published reports. One of the major concerns of some mental health professionals and consumers is that the proposed DSM-5 new category of “autism spectrum disorder” (ASD) may exclude a substantial proportion of cognitively able individuals with pervasive developmental disorders (PDDs) other than autistic disorder, i.e., Asperger’s disorder or PDD not otherwise specified (PDD-NOS). Now DSM-5 is being developed and most likely will be rolled out in 2013. The expectation of DSM-III and the subsequent DSM-III-R and DSM-IV was that DSM-based research would identify the underlying etiologies of the disorders included in the manuals, which would allow greater refinement of the criteria and ultimately their validation by biological measures and etiologies. In 1980, DSM-III moved from a descriptive or conceptual approach to an operationalized, criteria-defining approach to enable clinicians to make diagnoses on the basis of whether a patient's symptoms matched the diagnostic criteria. Initially DSM was developed for psychiatrists who were interested in describing and understanding the frequency with which mental illnesses develop in our society.